Why Are Stranded Conductors Typically Selected Rather Than Solid Conductors?

The world of wiring can be complex and overwhelming even for those who have sourced cables in the past. With so many nuances at play, we’ve created a wealth of resources here at AudioVideoElectric.com to help you pick the perfect cables with confidence.

We’re at it again today with a new topic: why are stranded conductors typically selected rather than solid conductors? Put a different way, why are multi strand conductors preferred over solid conductors?

Each of these solutions has its place. However, multi-strand conductors are chosen for their flexibility, durability, and superior performance in dynamic environments. 

That’s not to say solid conductors don’t have their own unique applications. They can work just fine in static, low-frequency installations where cost is a concern and simplicity is the goal.

You can learn more below in our stranded vs solid conductor comparison. But if you’re searching for multi conductor cables that offer reliable performance at a competitive price, look no further than our selection of Belden equals. 

Let's get started and help you make an informed decision for your next project.

What is the Difference Between Multi Strand and Solid Conductors?

Understanding why multi-strand conductors are preferred to solid conductors requires a good grasp of the basic construction of each. So, let’s look at both styles individually before we compare and contrast them.

What is a Multi-Strand Conductor?

As the name suggests, multi-strand conductors feature multiple small-gauge wires twisted together to form a single, larger conductor. This design allows for greater flexibility and durability. 

The individual strands are usually made of copper, which is known for its excellent conductivity and flexibility. Twisting these strands allows the conductor to bend and flex without breaking, making it ideal for dynamic environments where cables need to move frequently.

What is a Solid Conductor?

On the other hand, a solid conductor is constructed from a single, continuous piece of metal wire, typically copper or aluminum. They tend to be more rigid, which is fine if you need stable performance in stationary applications. 

Solid conductors are known for their simplicity and ease of installation, especially in fixed positions. They’re obviously less flexible but are still preferred for permanent installations such as building wiring, circuit boards, and low-frequency signal transmission, where the cable remains stationary.

Why Are Stranded Conductors Typically Selected Rather Than Solid Conductors?

So, why are multi strand conductors preferred over solid conductors? Ultimately, it comes down to flexibility and durability. They provide superior performance in high-vibration environments and are typically known for better conductivity as well. Here’s why they have an edge.

Flexibility and Durability

As we said earlier, the design of stranded conductors supports better flexibility. These cables can bend and twist without breaking, unlike solid conductors which are more rigid and prone to snapping when bent.

This makes stranded conductors ideal for applications where the cable needs to move frequently, such as in robotics, portable devices, and automotive applications.

You also won’t deal with nearly as much cable fatigue as a result of the cables moving over time, which is a common problem with solid conductors.

Even if the cables don’t need to move, multi-strand conductors tend to be more durable. The multiple strands can withstand more physical stress and bending cycles compared to a single, solid wire. This increases the cable lifespan, getting you better bang for your buck in the long run.

Performance in High-Vibration Environments

Solid conductors can develop microfractures that lead to failure in high-vibration environments. Some common examples of this type of setting include industrial machinery and automotive wiring.

In contrast, stranded conductors are better at absorbing and dissipating these vibrations due to their flexible nature. This makes them preferred in such applications.

Enhanced Conductivity

Enhanced conductivity ensures better signal integrity and lower resistance, which is essential for high-performance data transmission and audio applications. Multi-strand cables are preferred here for this reason. 

The multiple strands provide a larger surface area compared to a single solid wire. This can enhance conductivity, especially for high-frequency signals where the skin effect (current traveling on the surface of the conductor) is significant.

Installation Considerations

There are even installation benefits to opting for a stranded conductor over its solid conductor counterpart. For example, they can be more easily routed through tight spaces and around corners. Their flexibility allows them to be pulled through conduits and ducts with less risk of damage.

They also make more reliable connections in screw terminals and other types of connectors. The strands can spread out and make better contact with the connector for a secure, stable connection.

Are There Scenarios Where Solid Conductors Are Preferred to Multi-Strand Conductors?

It’s clear that their flexibility, durability, conductivity, and ease-of-installation make multi-strand conductors a superior choice in most cases. But there are certainly applications where a solid doctor would work just fine. 

That includes building wiring - both residential and commercial. The rigidity of solid conductors makes them easier to pull through walls and conduits without sagging. They’re great for these scenarios where the cables will not be moved. The same is true for electrical outlets, switches, and junction boxes. 

Even though multi-strand conductors could be used for these situations, the cost-effectiveness of solid conductors makes them the ideal choice. They offer optimal performance that fits tighter budgets. Here are a few other reasons you might choose a solid conductor over a multi-stand conductor:

• Reduced Resistance: They offer lower resistance and better signal integrity in low-frequency applications, making them suitable for electrical wiring in buildings.
• Long Runs: Solid conductors are ideal for long cable runs in building wiring, as they maintain their electrical properties over greater distances without significant signal loss.
• Stable Connections: Solid conductors are easier to insert into connectors and terminals, providing a stable and secure connection. 
• Better Heat Dissipation: Solid conductors can handle higher currents more efficiently than stranded conductors, as they have a larger cross-sectional area for current flow. This makes them suitable for high-current applications in electrical distribution systems.

Ultimately, only you can determine whether a stranded conductor or solid conductor aligns with your unique needs. But no matter what you end up choosing, you’ll find it at  AudioVideoElectric. 

Source All the Different Cables You Could Need at AudioVideoElectric.com!

As your go-to source for all things cables, you can count on us to deliver top-quality solutions at an affordable price point, with exceptional customer service every step of the way. Whether you need cables for industrial automation, residential wiring, or specialized applications, we have you covered.

We’re known for our Belden alternatives, which are equivalent in fit, form, and function, helping you save up to 10-20% without compromising on quality. These cables have helped customers cut up to $86,000 annually, and in some cases, cut cable costs by more than 65%! 

You can find a variety of multi conductor cable types to align with any multi-conductor cable uses. They’re available in a wide variety of gauges, including:

• Multi-conductor cable 12 AWG
• Multi-conductor cable 14 AWG
• Multi-conductor cable 16 AWG
• Multi-conductor cable 18 AWG
• 20 AWG multi-conductor cable
• Multi-conductor cable 22 AWG
• 28 AWG multi-conductor cable

Not sure which are right for you? Reach out for spec sheets to eliminate the guesswork. Or, let us know if you’d like a personalized recommendation based on your unique needs. After all, our world-class customer support is part of what keeps our customers coming back for more!

Learn more about the difference between twisted pair and multi conductor cable or single conductor vs multi conductor cable. We also have resources on basic topics like what is multi conductor cable, how multi conductor cables are manufactured, advantages of multi conductor cables, and more.

Otherwise, the only thing left to do now is source your cables with confidence here at AudioVideoElectric.com.

Final Thoughts on the Stranded Conductor vs Solid Conductor Debate

Choosing between stranded and solid conductors depends on your specific project requirements. While multi-strand conductors are preferred in many applications, that is not always the case.

Stranded conductors offer flexibility, durability, and superior performance in dynamic environments, while solid conductors provide stability and cost-effectiveness for fixed installations. Understanding these differences helps you optimize performance and reliability.

Don’t play the guessing game in choosing your cables. Get a personalized recommendation from AudioVideoElectric.com to make your purchase with peace of mind. 

Or if you’re confident in which is right for you, browse our catalog and discover how much more affordable quality wiring solutions can be through our Belden equals!